The Oral Health Science Center is a research facility founded in 1996 as part of a national project by the Ministry of Education (now the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, known as MEXT) to establish high-tech research centers in various parts of Japan.

The Center is equipped with all of the research apparatus and facilities needed to conduct cutting-edge research, including a DNA sequencing system, a micro-X-ray CT, a eutectic-point laser microscope and a jaw-movement analyzer. Using these resources to advance research projects through an international, inter-disciplinary network of researchers in a wide variety of fields, the Center aims to deploy research results quickly in the clinical environments where they are needed.

In 1999, the Center founded a facility to continue detailed investigation in this area: the Brain Science Research Facility. Using a 306-channel Magnetoencephalography (MEG) scanner, a cutting-edge device of which few are in use anywhere in the world, the Laboratory of Brain Research has launched a project to pinpoint the central regulation mechanism for oral and maxillofacial functions.

Tokyo Dental College Graduate School provides a four-year PhD course. Its goal is to cultivate able leaders in dental research.
The Graduate Program spans 10 departments and one lab for basic dentistry, and 10 departments and 2 labs for clinical dentistry. Currently, 163 students are enrolled in this program. Students are required to complete all courses within four years, completing a certain number of units per year. Upon approval of their doctoral thesis and success in a final exam, graduates of this course are conferred a doctorate in dentistry.